资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。
2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
【网络强国这十年】微步在线薛锋:创业维艰,创新更艰****** 【网络强国这十年——创业心得篇】 随着云计算、大数据和虚拟化技术的不断涌现,数字化转型推动全球云市场井喷式发展。然而,在数字化转型不断深入带来业务场景的多样化的同时,云端服务背后也存在各类安全问题。威胁情报防范作为保障信息数据的重要一环,扮演着信息产业“把关人”的角色。 近日,微步在线创始人、CEO薛锋做客光明网“网络强国这十年”专栏,畅谈创业经历,讲述创业初心与选择,并对当下网络安全行业创业者的发展方向给出建议。 瞄准行业需求,专精“威胁情报” 微步在线成立于2015年,是我国最早一批关注互联网威胁情报的企业。薛锋表示,2014年大众创业、万众创新的社会氛围浓厚,作为偏技术管理型的工作者,自己对网络安全行业有一定理解和洞察,看到威胁情报技术极有可能成为使网络安全技术发生变革的节点,便决定创业。 薛锋说,相比创业维艰,他觉得创新更为艰难。在创业过程中,无论是做一个新的商业模式,还是推广新产品给客户传递新价值,都承载着教育市场推广的新理念,需要经历很长的周期,这个过程可以说很契合“创业维艰,创新更艰”理念。 对于选择威胁情报作为创业细分赛道,薛锋表示,与传统的安全防御不同,威胁情报防范的核心在于主动“出击”,这基于一种全新的网络安全认知理念:通过大数据分析,可以有效预判危机并且进行主动防御。即从不计其数的报警信息中筛查,提前获取攻击者的攻击工具、攻击途径、攻击意图等信息,精准找出威胁所在,从而响应并把损失降到最低。这也就要求借助AI、大数据、云计算等新型技术,进行海量数据存储计算。而在微步创立之初,这些技术已经趋于成熟,微步正是发现了威胁情报的可能性,确定其为切入点,开拓创新,期待为行业带来一些变革性的技术。 “云化”服务体系,聚焦新安全探索 作为国内新兴网络安全公司,微步在线长期植根于威胁检测领域,积累了强大的威胁情报和威胁检测分析能力,研发了基于流量和终端的“云+流量+端点”全方位威胁检测响应产品矩阵,帮助企业建立全方位的威胁监控体系,持续为客户提供专业的技术、产品和服务。 针对当下网络安全行业中,威胁端和需求端同步变化,“新安全”业态应运而生,微步在线聚焦技术提升和产品服务,进行了一系列新探索。 “过去上网都会用到DNS服务做域名解析,在此过程中,就可能有钓鱼网站、木马等的威胁存在,而微步创新使用云化的交付方式,便捷用户体验。”薛锋表示,这种云化交付、按年订阅、重视实战效果的方式,能以较低的成本帮用户持续解决安全困扰问题。这种云化的创新服务,不仅是国内首家,也深受用户欢迎。 薛锋介绍,目前大概有几千家单位通过这种云化方式,基本上实现“分钟级”就能使用微步的服务,大大区别于传统网络安全终端不易移动、时间成本高的特点。 不是“一劳永逸”,而是“日日常新” 当今世界百年未有之大变局加速演进,我国所面临的传统安全与网络安全威胁交织,网络空间对抗已成为大国博弈的常态化手段,筑牢网络安全防线已成为维护国家安全和社会稳定的关键。 党的二十大报告指出,要健全国家安全体系,完善国家安全法治体系、战略体系、政策体系、风险监测预警体系、国家应急管理体系,构建全域联动、立体高效的国家安全防护体系。 薛锋表示,作为数字时代网络安全技术创新型企业、网络威胁发现和响应的领军者,团队将结合自身优势,落实党的二十大报告要求,建立全面的风险监测预警体系,不断扩展,努力应用于国家网络安全关键信息基础设施上,同时坚持守正创新。 当下,网络安全行业内基础设施和客户需求都在发生变化,这就要求行业内各类企业持续不断开拓创新,在此过程中,要认识到网络安全并不是“一劳永逸”,而是“日日常新”,这样才能做到“知己知彼、百战百胜”。 “我一直觉得,网络安全行业其实非常像医疗行业,医疗行业应对的是现实世界中存在的生物病毒体,而网络安全行业其实应对的是网络世界中的黑客或病毒。”谈及未来规划,薛锋表示,下一步,微步在线将继续沿着精准及时发现多样化网络威胁、帮助用户做出积极响应的大方向,健全风险监测预警体系,深化“客户成功”概念,助力构建网络空间命运共同体。 监制:张宁 李政葳 采访:雷渺鑫 李飞 拍摄/后期:雷渺鑫 (文图:赵筱尘 巫邓炎) [责编:天天中] 阅读剩余全文() |